After four years of development and on-air trials (which included a proof of concept that aired the descriptions on a radio station in simulcast with the television airing), WGBH officially launched audio description via 32 participating PBS member stations, beginning with the new season of American Playhouse on January 24, 1990. Margaret Pfanstiehl of Washington, D.C., who had performed descriptions at theatrical performances and had run a radio reading service known as the Washington Ear. It was developed in consultation with Dr. public television station WGBH-TV (which had already gained notability for their involvement in developing closed captioning) developed an implementation of audio description for television programming via second audio program (SAP), which it branded as "Descriptive Video Service" (DVS). In the 1980s, the Media Access Group of U.S. In the 1940s and 1950s, Radio Nacional de España aired live audio simulcasts of films from cinemas with descriptions, framing these as a form of radio drama before the advent of television. The New York Times documented the "first talking picture ever shown especially for the blind" - a 1929 screening of Bulldog Drummond attended by members of the New York Association for the Blind and New York League for the Hard of Hearing, which offered a live description for the visually-impaired portion of the audience. The transition to " talkies" in the late 1920s displaced this audience, but resulted in a push to make them accessible to the visually impaired. Silent films could naturally be enjoyed by the deaf due to the lack of spoken dialogue or sound whatsoever. Further details may exist on the talk page. Please expand the article to include this information. This article is missing information about History in regards to theatrical use.
To promote accessibility, some countries (such as Canada and the United States) have implemented requirements for broadcasters to air specific quotas of programming containing audio description. In North America, Second audio program (SAP) is typically used to deliver audio description by television broadcasters. In film and television, description is typically delivered via a secondary audio track. Docents or tour guides can be trained to employ audio description in their presentations.
In museums or visual art exhibitions, audio described tours (or universally designed tours that include description or the augmentation of existing recorded programs on audio- or videotape), are used to provide access to visitors who are blind or have low vision. These narrations are typically placed during natural pauses in the audio, and sometimes during dialogue if deemed necessary.
#English audio tracks free#
Audio Stories and Audiobooks for Kids Free –.Sense and Sensibility by Jane Austen – on Google, on YouTube.World of Wonders by Robertson Davies – on Google, on YouTube.The Woman Who Disappeared by Philip Prowse (level 4) – on Google, on YouTube.Forrest Gump (ELT level 3) – on Google, on YouTube.
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